World War II

From First Flight to the Doolittle Raid

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Today marks the anniversary of the first flight of one of the most famous aircraft of World War II, the North American B-25 Mitchell.

The B-25 first took to the air on August 19, 1940.

Less than two years later, on April 18, 1942, sixteen B-25Bs sat on the deck of the USS Hornet in the Pacific. Led by Lt. Col. James H. “Jimmy” Doolittle, their crews launched from the carrier on a mission to strike targets in Japan, including Tokyo.

The Doolittle Raid came just months after the attack on Pearl Harbor. Although the physical damage from the raid was relatively limited, its impact was far greater. It provided an important boost to American morale and demonstrated that the Japanese home islands could be reached by American forces.

Think about that timeline.

On August 19, 1940, the B-25 was making its first flight. Just 20 months later, sixteen of them were launching from an aircraft carrier on one of the most daring and historically significant missions of World War II.

The photograph shows the Doolittle Raiders’ B-25s lined up on the deck of USS Hornet as they were carried toward Japan.

From first flight to history in less than two years.

A remarkable chapter in the heritage of American air power.

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From the Air Force Global Strike Command by Airman 1st Class Bryan Crane, 509th Bomb Wing Public Affairs – December 6, 2012

WHITEMAN AIR FORCE BASE, Mo. —  “Yesterday, December 7, 1941 – a date which will live in infamy – the United States of America was suddenly and deliberately attacked by naval and air forces of the Empire of Japan,”- Franklin Roosevelt.

President Roosevelt uttered these well-remembered words the day after the Pearl Harbor attacks.

Seventy-one years later, we still remember the fallen victims of that day.

The Pearl Harbor attack, at the time, was the largest enemy assault on United States territory. By the end of the day, more than 2,000 individuals had lost their lives.

Today, we thank those that gave their lives that day, those who defended our home and who would continue the fight throughout World War II.

At 7:55 a.m. Sunday, Dec. 7, 1941, a Japanese force of 183 airplanes attacked U.S. military and naval facilities on Oahu without warning.

For 30 minutes, dive bombers, level bombers and torpedo planes struck airfields and naval vessels. Not only did the attack hit the fleet at Pearl Harbor, but also air bases at Ford Island and Kaneohe Bay, the Marine airfield at Ewa and the Army Air Corps fields at Bellows, Wheeler and Hickam.

After a 15-minute lull, another wave of 170 planes launched a second attack at 8:40 a.m. Japanese aircraft destroyed 151 U.S. planes on the ground and sank or damaged all eight U.S. battleships anchored in Pearl Harbor.

However, not all American assets were damaged in the attack.

“The Japanese success was overwhelming, but it was not complete. They failed to damage any American aircraft carriers, which by a stroke of luck, had been absent from the harbor,” according to the Naval History and Heritage Command.

The next day, the U.S. declared war on Japan and entered World War II, changing the trajectory of the war, and of history.

This flag was flown on the U.S.S. St. Louis at Pearl Harbor on Dec. 7, 1941, the day of the Japanese attack. It was later flown on the U.S.S. Iowa in Tokyo Bay at the time of the Japanese surrender in 1945. – National Museum of the U.S. Air Force

Chocolate Goes To War

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November 29th is National Chocolates Day, a fitting moment to look back at a small but memorable item carried by American soldiers during World War II. Chocolate was more than a comfort food. It became part of the U.S. military’s effort to provide compact, high-calorie energy in the field.

Beginning in 1937, the U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps partnered with Hershey to create a chocolate bar that would work in combat conditions. The result was the D Ration bar, followed by the improved Tropical Bar shown here. These bars were formulated to be dense, heat-resistant, and durable enough for Europe, North Africa, and the Pacific. They were designed for emergency use, not for taste.

By the end of the war, Hershey had produced more than three billion chocolate rations. Soldiers found them in K-rations and carried them in packs and pockets. For many who served, these small, rugged bars became a familiar part of daily life and a reminder of home.

On National Chocolates Day, it is worth noting how something as ordinary as a chocolate bar played a role in sustaining troops far from home and demonstrated how American industry adapted to the needs of a global conflict.

D-Day 1944: The Invasion That Turned the Tide

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June 6, 1944—D-Day—marks one of the most pivotal moments in modern history. In the early hours of the morning, Allied forces launched the largest amphibious invasion ever attempted, storming the beaches of Normandy, France. Over 156,000 troops from the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, and other Allied nations began the push to liberate Europe from Nazi occupation. The planning was meticulous, the risks enormous, and the cost of human life staggering. But D-Day marked the beginning of the end for the Axis powers in Europe.

To reflect on this turning point in World War II, we share a remarkable episode from the 1952–1953 documentary series Victory at Sea. Produced by NBC in collaboration with the U.S. Navy, the series used archival footage, original scoring by Richard Rodgers, and narration to bring the naval war to life.

Episode 15, “D-Day,” captures the intensity, scale, and gravity of the Normandy invasion. Through original wartime footage, it offers a stirring glimpse into the courage and coordination that defined Operation Overlord. More than 80 years later, Victory at Sea remains a powerful lens through which to witness the enormity of that day.

Watch the episode below and take a moment to reflect on the sacrifices made in the name of freedom.

“Masters Of The Air”

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The long-awaited “Masters Of The Air” miniseries is released on Apple TV! It depicts the Airmen of the Eighth Air Force and the 100th Bomb Group flying B-17’s at Thorpe Abbotts England during World War II.

Here is flying in a B-17 Flying Fortress as it lands at the airport in Palm Springs California. Turn your sound up and watch for the ground shadow!

December 7, 1941

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“We have not forgotten, nor will we. We live in a world made more free, more just, and more peaceful by those who will answer roll call no more, those who will report for muster never again. We do remember Pearl Harbor. ” Ronald Reagan.